GCSE OCR Gateway Chemistry
C6.1o Alloys
C6.1o To be able to describe the composition of some
important alloys in relation to their properties and uses: Alloys to include
steel, brass, bronze, solder, duralumin
Alloys
Composition
and uses
|
Name of
alloy
|
Composition
|
Example of
use
|
|
Steel
 |
Iron,
carbon (0.2%-2% by weight) and other metals commonly from manganese,
chromium, nickel, silicon, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium even uranium.
|
Tools,
sheet metal, pipes, construction materials of all kinds, military shells and
armour, cutlery,
|
|
Brass
 |
Typically
65% copper 35% zinc but there are a range of specialist types and
applications which you can find
here
|
Pipes, plumbing,
cartridge cases, coinage, ships bells and propellers, musical instruments
etc….
|
|
Bronze
 |
Typically
88% copper and 12% tin but there is a range of different types according to
their use. You can find out more here
|
Coinage,
sculpture, architectural features, military weapons etc…
|
|
Solder
 |
Typical
soft solder is 60% tin with 40% lead though new lead free solders are coming
into more common uses such as tin–silver–copper solders (18/64/18%)
There is
much more to be found here
|
Electronics,
avionics, electrical applications of many types, plumbing,
|
|
Duralumin
 |
Typically
duralumin contains Aluminium with copper 4%, manganese 0.5-1% magnesium
0.5-1.5% and possibly some silicon.
|
Aircraft
construction, electrical cabling
|
In this
table what I’ve done is to take a specific example of each of the alloys and
link it to its use based on that specific property.
|
Alloy
|
Property
|
Use
|
|
High
carbon steel iron with 2% carbon sometimes called cast iron
|
Hard,
strong but brittle
|
Pots e.g.
cast iron ware such as Le Creuset cookware
|
|
Cartridge
brass 70% copper 30% zinc
|
Good cold
working properties
|
Ammunition
cases, plumbing and hardware
|
|
Bell
bronze 20% tin 80% copper
|
Highly
resonant and sonorous
|
Bells
|
|
Soft lead
solder 63% tin with 37% lead
|
Specific
low melting point of 183oC the lowest of all lead solders and a
true melting point not a melting range.
|
Electrical
and electronic work
|
|
2024
aluminium alloy or duralumin that is aluminium with 4.5% copper 0.5%
manganese and 1.5% magnesium
|
It has a
low density of 2.78g/cm3
|
Used to
form aircraft parts
|
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